Publications
In Polish:
Book:
„Dopplerowskie badania naczyń – wybrane zagadnienia”, P. Gołębiowski, K. Jarus-Dziedzic, J. Mieszkowski, A. Nowicki, J. Wesołowski, A. Wycech, red. A. Nowicki, P. Karłowicz, Wyd. Domino s.c., Warszawa, ISBN-83-913667-0-7
Publications:
M. Lewandowski, M. Walczak, P. Karwat, A. Nowicki, P. Karłowicz, „Wykonanie modelu i implementacja oprogramowania do ultradźwiękowego pomiaru przepływu krwi” w: R. Kustosz, M. Gonsior, A. Jarosz (red.), Polskie protezy serca, opracowanie konstrukcji, badania kwalifikacyjne, przedkliniczne i kliniczne, rozdz. 18, Grudzień 2013, ISBN 978-83-63310-12-7
W rozdziale została przedstawiona metoda oraz układ pomiarowy do ultradźwiękowego pomiaru wydatku sztucznej komory serca. Opisano budowę systemu elektronicznego przepływomierza dopplerowskiego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem architektury, podziału hardware/software oraz toru przetwarzania cyfrowego sygnałów ech ultradźwiękowych. W dalszej części przedstawiono algorytm obliczania przepływu oraz badania doświadczalne mające na celu weryfikację i ocenę dokładności opracowanego systemu. Poruszone zostały także zagadnienia doboru optymalnych przetworników ultradźwiękowych oraz ich mocowania na konektorze sztucznej komory serca.
P. Karłowicz, A. Gierek, „Zastosowania kieszonkowego dopplera” (in Polish – The use of a portable Doppler in veterinary practice) w: Weterynaria w Praktyce, tom 6, nr 7/8, str. 54-56, Wyd. Elamed, 2009
Doppler methods are most commonly used in sonogram examinations. The simplest ultrasonic blood flow detectors show the greatest usefulness in pressure measurements, especially among cats. Listening to Doppler the signals generated by the blood flow may facilitate monitoring during operations. The authors propose the extension of these applications to monitoring heart rate during surgery by using a special esophageal Doppler probe.
R. Olszewski, A. Nowicki, J. Etienne, P. Karłowicz, W. Marciniak, J. Adamus, “Lokalizacja ogniska ektopowego pobudzenia w nowej echokardiograficznej metodzie dopplerowskiego obrazowania ruchu tkanek (badania in vitro i in vivo)”, Folia Cardiologica Excerpta, tom 3, wyd. 1, 1996, str. 60-63
Lokalizacja ogniska ektopowego pobudzenia Dopplerowskie obrazowanie ruchu tkanek (DORT) jest nową techniką echokardiograficzną, pozwalającą na odwzorowanie ruchu tkanek. Badania in vitro przeprowadzono przy użyciu dwóch modeli z pianki poliuretanowej, w celu analizy zależności kolorowego obrazowania ścian modelu od ich prędkości i kierunku ruchu. Celem badania in vivo było zlokalizowanie u chorej miejsca powstawania pobudzenia w trakcie stymulacji elektrycznej, w przebiegu zawału ściany …
J. Wesołowski, A. Nowicki, A. Wycech, P. Karłowicz, H. Rykowski, „Śródoperacyjna ocena zwężenia tętnic nerkowych za pomocą histografu sygnału dopplerowskiego” [in Polish – Intraoperative evaluation of renal artery stenosis using the Doppler signal histograph], Wiad. Lek., tom 39(8), 511–515, 1986
In English:
P. Karlowicz et al., “Offline Doppler Signals Analysis as the Initial Study of Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement for Patients With Continuous Flow Heart Support”, 45th ESAO Congress, Madrid, Spain, 12–15 Sep. 2018
W. Dobkowska-Chudon, M. Wrobel, P. Karlowicz, A. Dabrowski, A. Krupienicz, T. Targowski, A. Nowicki, R. Olszewski, “Detecting cerebrovascular changes in the brain caused by hypertension in atrial fibrillation group using acoustocerebrography”, PLoS ONE, vol. 13, no. 7, Jul. 2018
R. Olszewski, W. Dobkowska-Chudoń, M. Wróbel, P. Karłowicz, A. Dąbrowski, A. Krupienicz, T. Targowski, A. Nowicki, “Is acoustocerebrography a new noninvasive method for early detection of the brain changes in patients with hypertension?”, European Heart Journal, vol. 38, no. 1, pp 190, Aug. 2017
M. Wróbel, A. Dąbrowski, A. Kolany, A. Olak-Popko, R. Olszewski, P. Karłowicz, “On ultrasound classification of stroke risk factors from randomly chosen respondents using non-invasive multispectral ultrasonic brain measurements and adaptive profiles”, Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 19-28, 2016.
In this paper, we present a new brain diagnostic method based on a computer aided multispectral ultrasound diagnostics method (CAMUD). We explored the standard values of the relative time of flight (RIT), as well as the attenuation, ATN, of multispectral longitudinal ultrasound waves propagated non-invasively through the brains of a standard Caucasian volunteer population across different ages and genders. For the interpretation of the volunteers health questionnaire and ultrasound data we explored various clustering…
M. Lewandowski, M. Walczak, P. Karwat, B. Witek and P. Karłowicz, “Research and Medical Transcranial Doppler System”, Archives of Acoustics, vol. 41(4), pp. 773-781, 2016.
A new ultrasound digital transcranial Doppler system (digiTDS) is introduced. The digiTDS enables diagnosis of intracranial vessels which are rather difficult to penetrate for standard systems. The device can display a color map of flow velocities (in time-depth domain) and a spectrogram of a Doppler signal obtained at particular depth. The system offers a multigate processing which allows to display a number of spectrograms simultaneously and to reconstruct a flow velocity profile.
Olszewski, W. Dobkowska-Chudon, M. Wróbel, E. Frankowska, P. Karłowicz, A. Zegadlo, A. Dąbrowski, A. Krupienicz, A. Nowicki, “Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and acoustocerebrography signals in the assessment of focal cerebral microangiopathic lesions in patients with atrial fibrillation”, European Heart Journal, vol. 37, pp. 938, Oxford Univ. Press, Aug. 2016
R. Olszewski, W. Dobkowska-Chudon, E. Frankowska, A. Arkadiusz, M. Wróbel, A. Dąbrowski, P. Karłowicz, A. Nowicki, “The novel non-invasive ultrasound device for detection an early change in the brain in patients with heart failure”, European Journal of Heart Failure, vol. 18, pp. 307–308, May 2016
M. Gawlikowski, M. Lewandowski, A. Nowicki, R. Kustosz, M. Walczak, P. Karwat and P. Karłowicz, “The Application of Ultrasonic Methods to Flow Measurement and Detection of Microembolus in Heart Prostheses”, Acta Physica Polonica A, vol. 124(3), pp. 417-420, Sep. 2013.
Latterly the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) has became clinical routine of heart insufficiency treatment [1-3]. Since the’80s of the 20th century it has been conducted by means of pulsating, extracorporeal ventricular assist devices (VAD). Parallel to them the rotary blood pumps (RBP) were being developing. In spite of technological progress the MCS is inseparably connected with risks of blood traumatization (by contact with artificial material and mechanical stress [4]), bleeding and infection. The blood traumatization …
M. Lewandowski, M. Walczak, P. Karwat, B. Witek, A. Nowicki, P. Karłowicz, „Research & Medical Doppler platform” in Proceedings of the Acoustics 2012 Nantes Conference, 11th Congrès Français d’Acoustique, 2012 IOA annual meeting, Nantes, France, April 23-27, 2012, ISBN: 978-2-919340-01-9 — EAN: 9782919340019
A new ultrasound digital transcranial Doppler system (digiTDS) is introduced. The digiTDS enables the diagnosis of intracranial vessels and the assessment of the blood flow. The device can display a color map of flow velocities in time-depth domain and a spectrogram of Doppler signal obtained at a selected depth. The system offers the multigate processing which allows to display simultaneously a number of spectrograms and to reconstruct a flow velocity profile. The digital signal processing in the digiTDS is divided between hardware…
M. Gawlikowski, R. Kustosz, P. Gibinski, A. Nowicki, T. Palko, T. Pustelny, K. Gorka, A. Kapis, J. Mocha, A. Sobotnicki, M. Czerw, Z. Opilski, M. Lewandowski, P. Karlowicz, Noninvasive Biological Parameters Measurement In Heart Prosthesis, The International Journal of Artificial Organs, vol. 34, ed. 8, pp. 612, Aug. 2011
K. Jarus-Dziedzic, E. Fersten, M. Glowacki, P. Marszalek, J. Jurkiewicz, Z. Czernicki, W. Zabolotny, P. Karlowicz, “Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography in patients with ventriculomegaly: investigation of additional parameters for qualifying shunt implantation”, Polish Journal of Radiology, vol. 70(1), pp. 27-34, 2005
Ventriculomegaly without increased intracranial pressure is observed both in normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and idiopathic cerebral atrophy (CA). Investigating additional parameters to differentiate these diseases is important for a good qualification of shunt implantation. The study presents the influence of intravenous administration of acetazolamide on cerebral blood flow velocity (BFV) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in 23 patients with ventriculomegaly and symptoms of cognitive function disorders. The aim …
W. Zabolotny, P. Karlowicz, J. Jurkiewicz, “Adaptive cancellation of harmonic interferences in transcranial Doppler signal” in Proc. SPIE 5484, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments II, 486 , International Society for Optics and Photonics , July 22, 2004, pp. 486-492
This paper presents a method of improving the Transcranial Doppler (TCD) signal by removing harmonic interferences. Such interferences, originating from medical equipment using the high power HF signals are common in a clinical environment, especially in the neighborhood of the operating theater. The Adaptive Interference Canceler based on the NLMS FIR filter has been used. The reference signal was obtained by delaying of the original TCD signal. The presented method allows significant improvement of a …
W. Zabołotny, P. Karłowicz, J. Jurkiewicz, “Adaptive Cancellation of Harmonic Interferences in Transcranial Doppler Signal. Photonic Applications in Astronomy, Comunications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments” in Proceeings of SPIE, Bellinghm, WA (2004), pp. 156-162
R. Olszewski, W. Marciniak, A. Nowicki, M. Gil, J. Etienne, P. Karłowicz, J. Adamus, “The improvement of echocardiographic assessment of the left ventricle by the use of perflenapent and harmonic imaging”, Polski merkuriusz lekarski: Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego, vol. 5(27), pp. 132-134, Sep. 1998
Contrast echocardiography and harmonic imaging (HI) are promising new modalities applied in order to obtain improved visualisation of the left ventricle. Perflenapent (EchoGen, Abbott) is a new generation echocardiographic contrast agent that crosses the pulmonary capillary bed and produces long-term ventricle opacification. Our aim was to assess the left ventricle endocardial visualisation after perflenapent infusion and HI technique. We studied a pilot group of 10 patients (mean age 52.5 +/- 7.6, mean weight 76.9 +/- 10.1 kg, one female) with previously obtained sub-optimal non-contrast echocardiograms. Perflenapent was injected intravenously at dosis 0.05 ml/kg. Echocardiography was performed before perflenapent injection and during the time between injection and LV image disappearance. Images were assessed using four-point scale, 0 standing for the poorest and 3 for excellent visualisation. Perflenapent produced full chamber opacification in all pts. Contrast effect was observed for 550-15824 sec and myocardial enhancement was seen for 176-2116 sec after i.v. administration. After perflenapent administration, endocardial border was significantly better visible than before (1.9 +/- 0.57 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.31, p < 0.001). No hemodynamic effects were noted, as assessed by oxygen saturation, blood pleasure and heart rate. A mild, transient somnolence was seen in one pt. Perflenapent improved left ventricular function diagnostic capabilities, and provided enhanced visualisation of the myocardium.
A. Nowicki, R. Olszewski, J. Etienne, P. Karłowicz, J. Adamus, “Assessment of wall velocity gradient and thrombi detection using test-phantom” in Proceedings, IEEE , 1996, vol. 2, pp. 1189-1191
A new phantom has been designed to gain a better understanding of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) applied to the myocardium velocity gradient measurements and thrombi detection. The phantom mimics left ventricle and is made of fine grade sponge material with thrombi-like structures attached to internal surface of the phantom. Theoretical analysis of the phantom wall movements helped to explain the velocity gradients developing across the heart walls. All in vitro thrombi were easily detected with DTI demonstrating the …
G. Łypacewicz, A. Nowicki, R. Tymkiewicz, P. Karłowicz, W. Secomski, “Acoustic field measurements using a PVDF foil hydrophone”, Archives of Acoustics, vol. 21(4), pp. 361-369, 1996
The broad application of ultrasound methods in medical diagnostics requires accurate knowledge of the intensities of acoustic waves being applied. Ultrasonography is considered a safe method for the patient, but to an even greater extent this obliges producers and doctors to define accurately the doses used in the course of an examination. Ultrasound fields are defined by a number of parameters—the wave frequency, the repetition frequency, the pulse duration, the beam cross-section and the wave intensity— …
A. Nowicki, R. Olszewski, J. Etienne, P. Karłowicz, J. Adamus, “Assessment of wall velocity gradient imaging using a test phantom”, Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, vol. 22(9), Elsevier, pp. 1255-1260, Jan. 1996
A new phantom has been designed to gain a better understanding of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Specifically, the phantom can easily be used to determine myocardial velocity gradients. The phantom mimics the left ventricle and is made of fine-grade sponge material whose ultrasound image closely resembles the gray scale image obtained from heart walls. Theoretical analysis of phantom wall movements offers a plausible explanation for the velocity gradients developing across the heart walls. The results of computer analysis were found to be in very good agreement with TDI M-mode recordings of phantom wall displacement.
A. Nowicki, J. Litniewski, J. Liwski, W. Secomski, P. Karłowicz, M. Lewandowski, „Superficial tissue microsonography” in Acoustical Imaging, vol. 22, ed. P. Tortoli, L. Masotti, Springer US, 1996, pp. 501-505
A number of recent years have seen a growing interest among biologists and clinicians in surface tissue imaging and vessel wall examinations performed in the course of operations. Yano et al [1987] were among the first to describe a system permitting sector skin imaging using a 40 MHz lithium niobate transducer. These authors achieved a beam width (-6dB) in the focus zone equal to about 0.1 mm. The transverse resolution as determined from measurements of the length of a pulse reflected from an ideal reflector was equal to 0.1 mm. Hoss, Emert et al. [1992] developed a system with a 40 MHz centre frequency with a very wide band [- 6 dB], close to 50 MHz. Such a wide band made it possible to use on the transmission side chirp modulation pulses and analog signal compression of a signal received using all-pass filters. Berson et al. [1992] described a scanner for skin imaging, working at 17 MHz, with 0.1 mm longitudinal resolution and 0.3 mm transverse resolution. Feuillard et al. [1994] improved the Berson system, replacing a ceramic PZT transducer by a 45 MHz wideband transducer of P(VDF-TrFe). The development of high-frequency ultrasound diagnosis turns to completely new areas of application in dermatology and diagnosis of skin diseases, with consideration given to neoplastic lesions and watching progress in the treatment of them. Ophthalmologic applications seem to be very essential in terms of imaging cornea, sciera, iris and ciliary body. The purpose of our study was to develop a real time device for skin and eye imaging in 2D mode and image reconstruction in C mode with lateral and axial resolution better than 0.1 mm. The high resolution scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) for tissue structure study was also developed.
A. Nowicki, W. Secomski, P. Karłowicz, G. Łypacewicz, „High-frequency Doppler Ultrasound Flowmeter”, Archives of Acoustics, vol. 19(4), pp. 435-449, 1994, digitized May, 2014
The ultrasound Doppler measurement of the blood flow rate in small vessels is an important clinical issue both in the evaluation and diagnosis of the Raynoud disease as well as in the course of intraoperative vessel identification, eg, during neurological operations and plastic surgery applied to hands and other organs. Because of the required high lateral resolution, the ultrasound beam should be narrow. The flows under study are often very slow, this, in turn, affects the choice of the ultrasound frequency, one which is several times higher than …
P. Karłowicz, J, Liwski, M, Piechocki, P. Karłowicz, J. Liwski, M. Piechocki, W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, „Digital velocity profile estimator of blood flow in the heart and large blood vessels”, Archives of Acoustics, vol. 15(3-4), pp. 355-365, 1990
PL: W artykule omówiono podstawy cyfrowego systemu wielobramkowego pomiaru częstotliwości dopplerowskiej. Opisano koncepcje układu 2 przetwarzaniem szeregowym opartego o pomiar częstotliwości dopplerowskiej metoda,, zero crossing”. Przedstawiono problemy z rozpoznawaniem kierunku przepływu w systemie cyfrowym oraz dwa praktycznie wypróbowane rozwiązania pozwalające ograniczyć występujące błędy pomiaru. Pokazano przykład pomiaru rzeczywistego przepływu z wykorzystaniem modelu opisywanego …
J. Wesołowski, A. Nowicki, A. Wycech, P. Karłowicz… – “Intraoperative evaluation of renal artery stenosis using the Doppler signal histograph”, Wiad. Lek., vol. 39(8), pp. 511-515, Apr. 1986
A. Nowicki, P. Karlowicz, M. Piechocki, W. Secomski, M. Pleskot, „Time interval histogram—An alternative in the detection of the maximum velocity in the heart” in Cardiac Doppler Diagnosis, Volume II, Springer Netherlands, 1986, pp. 39-45
Up to late seventies the essentially only method of Doppler frequency measurement was the counting of zero crossings (ZCC) of Doppler signal. The response of the ZCC to the signal is in direct proportion to the second moment of the spectrum of the measured signal. For real spectra the dependence between the second moment (fzed and mean Doppler frequency (fav) is quite complex and difficult to evaluate directly. It is only in the case of spectrum with a uniform distribution in the band analysed that this dependence is known being faY = 0.87 fzcc. The same …
A. Nowicki, P. Karłowicz, M. Piechocki, W. Secomski, „Method for the measurement of the maximum Doppler frequency“, Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, vol. 11(3), pp. 479-486, Elsevier, May 1985
This paper describes a method for detection of the maximum Doppler frequency from a histogram of Doppler signals (HDS). The performance of the system is described, and its behavior in analysis of noise signals that have known lower and upper cut off frequencies is discussed. Experimental investigations show that the device correctly measures the maximum frequency envelope and can be useful in evaluating the maximum flow velocities in the blood circulation system.
T. Powałowski, J. Etienne, M. Barańska, L. Filipczyński, A. Nowicki, M. Piechocki, W. Secomski, P. Karłowicz, A. Wleciał, „Ultrasonic gray scale Doppler angiography” in Prace – IPPT IFTR Reports vol. 10, IPPT PAN, 1983
A. Nowicki, P. Karlowicz, M. Piechocki, W. Secomski, „Estimation of the maximal flow velocity on the basis of DOOPLER signal histograms”, Proc. 6th Country Conf. Biocyb. Biomed. Eng., Warsaw, 1983